外国語を学ぶのに向いてるキャラ

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台湾で訪問研究員を始めて２週間ですが，ここ台湾でも日本のように外国語の学習熱は高いようです．本屋に行けば日本のように外国語（主に英語）学習のセクションがありますし，同僚はせっかくの機会なので英語で積極的に話しかけてきてくれます．ちなみにそれはブラジルでも同じでした．ブラジルでも台湾でも，話す時に「私は英語あんまり上手くないんだよ，ごめんね」って前置きしてくる人が多いのは印象的です．日本人も言いそうですが，どちらの国でも今のところ大多数の人と仲良くできているのは，何だかこういうところで似てるからかもしれません．私としては中国語やポルトガル語が話せなくてごめんね，ということなんで，言われたらいつも謝り返しています．アメリカでは気遣いで謝っても損しかしませんので謝りませんでしたが，こうやって気軽に「謝り合う」コミュニケーションが互いの気遣いを表明するのは，気楽で居心地が良いと思います．

ところで，私は外国語学習が好きなんですが「外国語を効率よく上達するのに適性のあるキャラ」というのがあるような気がしています．世の中では「勉強方法」について議論されていることが多いんですが，あまり「キャラ」について議論されていないように思ったので，備忘録程度にまとめようと思います．ただの私見で，何の専門知にも基づいていないのはいつも通りです．ブログなんでご容赦下さい．

１．イケメンではない

少し抽象的なのですが，物事を上手くできることを期待されていないとか，「上手くできる＝カッコいい＝ちゃんとやらなくちゃ」みたいな観念を（自分も他人も）有さない，と言ったような意味です．今は知りませんが，全盛期の木村拓哉さんなどはこのようなイケメンキャラの代表だったのかもしれません．失敗したり格好悪い状況が許されない（あるいは自分で許さない）キャラだと大変だなあと思います．だって外国語を話す時なんて，最初の数年は間違うことしかありません．それでも喋ったり書いたりしないと上手くなりません．

関連したところでは，偉くなってしまって「先生」などと呼ばれたり，あるいは親になったりすると，自分の生徒やクライアント，子どもの前でショボいところを見せづらくなくなります．そのような立場も外国語学習に百害あって一利なしです．歳をとって立場やプライドなどが固まる前に，できるだけザコキャラ期間を謳歌すると良いでしょう．あとは，もしかしたらアメリカ留学帰りの人などは，英語に関してそのような扱いを受けるのかもしれません．まあでも数年留学した後に英語ができるという期待にも無理があり，これもイケメンキャラの押しつけのような気がします．

まあもちろん，イケメン完璧キャラの人が裏で血のにじむような努力をして，プレッシャーを乗り越え能力を伸ばすと言ったシナリオもあるでしょう．でも，逆の場合に比べて負荷が大きいかなと思います．想像ですが．

２．ツッコミ気質

話を聞きながら話の論点は何かを捉えてまとめたり，論理破綻に気付いて指摘できたり，いわゆるツッコミ的なスキルセットは，外国語学習と親和性が高いように思います．（少し論理飛躍があるのは認めますが）概してそのような人は「ああ上手く伝わらなかったな，今度はこうやって話そう」みたいなことを思考錯誤しますし，概念を伝えるのにどのような表現が適切かを考えるので，一対一の逐語訳に頼らずに表現ができると思うのです．これも古いですが，ネプチューンなら名倉＞原田＞堀内の順で外国語の上達は早そうです．

そもそも母国語でも，何か書いたり話したりする時に「どう表現したら物事が伝わるか」というのを気にしている人とそうでない人はいます．ただ話してるだけの人は日本語話者にもたくさんいて，そういう人がそのまま外国語を話すと一段上の難解さを伴います．何か話しているように聞こえても，音が飛び交っているだけで，内容は理解していないし，相手に内容は伝わってないかもしれません．まあ「外国語を使える」の定義は人それぞれなので，それが目指す水準であればそれで良いのでしょうが，私は意思疎通ができる方が良いと思います．

３．言葉や表現そのものに対する興味を持っている

「言葉への興味」ってのも抽象的なのですが，言語自体に興味を持ってるかどうか，と言うことです．もはやキャラの話ではなくなってしまいましたが，色んなレベルの話がありそうなので，具体例を考えます．何も言語学者になれという話ではなくて，例えば僕が「ああこの人日本語が上手い」と思う外国人を思い浮かべると，日本語の成り立ちなど，言葉の裏にあるストーリーが気になったりしてるようです．例えば，故事成語の成り立ちについて気にしてるだとか，漢字のでき方について興味を持っているとか（「木が２つで林，３つで森だから，４つでアマゾンだね」みたいなジョークを言えたりします）です．やはり言語習得は記憶と反復練習の単調作業が欠かせませんし，そのプロセスにストーリーを見い出して，興味を持てることは，記憶の定着にも継続にも有用なのではないでしょうか．

４．何かを継続してやったことがある

これはもう文字通りです．言語習得であれスポーツであれ，何かを達成するのには時間がかかるという事実を知ってるかどうか，です．「１４日で習得◯◯語」みたいな本を手に取って，本当に習得できると思ってるおめでたい人は，申し訳ないですが浅はかさを全力で軽んじてしまいそうです．物事の深みに向き合い，それに敬意を払った方が良いのではないでしょうか．

ーーー

以上，外国語を学ぶのに向いてるキャラについての所感でした．僕はとりわけ１の資質が獲得しやすい割に効果が高いと思っていて，とりあえず歳をとって失敗しづらくなるまでは，無限に失敗しても許されるキャラを定着させると良いと思います．これは能力とかそういうのとは全く関係ありません．ただの自分の心持ち次第でどうにでもなります．

最近は僕自身が住む場所を転々としていることもありますが，現地で友達ができて，Facebook や研究室のメーリスとかを使って，結構どうでも良いことを不十分な文法でも現地語で書くようにしています．世間はあたたかいもので，努力賞は存在するものです．間違ってたら教えてくれるし，もっと良い表現があったら教えてくれます．これは最初に述べたように非英語圏（あるいはアメリカ？あるいはアメリカ東海岸？）のエゴのなさに起因する部分があると思うんですが，何にしても世の中は優しい人が多いと思います．これは自分にとってある種の原体験となっているはずで「間違っちゃいけない」「公の場では成功しなくちゃいけない」というようなイケメン意識（僕にもありましたし，まだ完全になくなったわけでもないですが）の不毛さを自分に知らしめてくれました．イケメンがカッコ良く「ちょ待てよ」と言ってる間に，シケメンはちょ待たず，失敗を重ねながらも前に進むチャンスを生かせば良いのです．私は今後５年で中国語，１０年でポルトガル語ができるようになる予定です．みなさんも一緒に頑張りましょう！

93 thoughts on “外国語を学ぶのに向いてるキャラ”

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