子育てしやすい国，シンガポール（なのか）

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シンガポールに移住した日本人女性による「シンガポールは子育てと仕事が両立しやすい」という趣旨の記事があって，それに対する所感です．

私はシンガポールの国立の組織に勤めているのですが，育休などの福利厚生について，入社した際にオリエンテーションなどで説明を受けました．リンク先にもあるように「母親が 16 週間まで，そのうちの 1 週間だけ父親が交代できる」というのが法律で認められた期間のようです．外国人の場合の育休は合計 12 週間に短縮されるようです．私企業のガイドラインについてはそれぞれで，私は知りません．ともあれ上記が最低ラインとなって，私の勤め先はこれに準じているはずです．

シンガポールでは日本よりも子どもを持った女性が働きやすい，というのには一理あると思います．ただ，男性の意識が高いからでも，女性が働く環境が公的に整えられてるからでもありません．これは住み込みの外国人ナニーやメイドなどが安価で雇えるからでしょう．これは前述の記事の著者も指摘していた点でした．

他方，そういうナニーやメイドの生活環境には幅があって，必ずしも良いものではないとも聞いています．もちろん雇い主によりますが，3 畳くらいの窓のない部屋に住んでいる，ということも多いそうです．そう言った格差を社会がどれだけ認めるかどうかは，議論の余地があると思います．少し想像力を働かせれば，そのようなナニーやメイド本人が子育てと仕事を両立できていない環境にいることは明白です．「経済的に成功した人にとって，シンガポールは子育ても仕事もしやすい」というのはわかりますが，「シンガポールは子育てをしやすい」という主張は一方的だという印象を持ちました．

なんせ，普通に生活していたらピックアップトラックの荷台に，南アジア系の労働者が窮屈に座って移動しているのを，日常的に目にする国です．サウジアラビアで見た光景と大差ありません．いくら多民族国家と言っても，このような光景を日常的に見て，子どもが（もちろん大人も）人種と社会階層を関連付けず，すくすくと育つというのも疑わしい国だと思います．

個人的には，変わろうとしている日本にもまだ希望を持ちたいです．日本で働く私の友人（30 代前半ー中盤くらい）の男性にも，育休を取っている人も増えてきたようです．依然として長時間労働や非効率さは問題ですが，問題と認識されつつあります．都市部での待機児童の問題などは，どうしたら良いもの私はわからず，越えなければならないハードルが無数にあるのは承知しています．ただ，奴隷のような格差を前提に社会が設計されていない点については健全だと思います．

あと，本題から外れますが，最近頻繁にネットで議論される，日本で子どもを連れてると舌打ちされたり，ベビーカーでトラブルになるってのは，どれくらい一般的なんでしょうか．私は見たことありませんので（まあ，ベビーカーを使ったことがないのですが），にわかに信じられません．ちなみにシンガポールの公営バスには老人・妊婦に席を譲らないでスマホをいじってる学生やオバちゃんもいますし，譲る人もいます．あと無粋を承知で言うと，私は日本にいた子どもの頃から，ベビーカーの上げ下げなどは，気付いたら手伝いを申し出ています．私が特別だなんて言うつもりはさらさらなく，それを日常的にやる人はわざわざ他人にそんなこと言いません．「他人が見てなくても，太陽が見ている」と，私の祖母は言ってました．

最後まとまりがなくなりましたが，仕事にしても，家族を持つにしても，完全な環境なんてなさそうなので，自分に合う場所を試行錯誤で見つけるのは良いことだと思います．他方，それに伴って一方的な批判が生じるのであれば（とりわけ海外に出て，恵まれた環境にいる人が日本を批判するなど），事実関係についても誤解を生みやすいですし，感情的にもややこしくなりますので，建設的ではないと思うことも少なくありません．

73 thoughts on “子育てしやすい国，シンガポール（なのか）”

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